γ-Valerolactone γ-Valerolactone

Structural formula

• Numbering system
• Physical property data
• Toxicological data
• Ecological data
• Molecular structure data
• Computing chemical data
• More
  • Properties and Stability
  • Storage method
  • Synthesis method
  • Purpose

Numbering system

CAS number:108-29-2

MDL number:MFCD00005400

EINECS number:203-569-5

RTECS number:LU3580000

BRN number:80420

PubChem number:24900745

Physical property data

1. Properties: colorless or light yellow liquid with vanillin and coconut aroma.

2. Density (g/mL, 20/4℃): 1.057

3. Relative vapor density (g/mL, air=1): 3.45

4. Melting point (ºC): -31

5. Boiling point (ºC, normal pressure): 207~208

6. Boiling point (ºC, 1.73kPa): 83~ 84

7. Refractive index (20ºC): 1.4330

8. Flash point (ºC): 81

9. Relative density (25℃, 4℃ ): 1.0465

10. Refractive index at room temperature (n²⁵): 1.4303

11. Vapor pressure (mmHg, ºC): Undetermined

12. Saturated vapor pressure (kPa, ºC): Undetermined

13. Heat of combustion (KJ/mol): Undetermined

14. Critical temperature (ºC) : Undetermined

15. Critical pressure (KPa): Undetermined

16. Log value of oil-water (octanol/water) partition coefficient: Undetermined

17. Explosion upper limit (%, V/V): Undetermined

18. Explosion lower limit (%, V/V): Undetermined

19. Solubility: Can be compared with Miscible with water, many organic solvents, resins and waxes, but insoluble in cyclohexane, petroleum ether, glycerin, etc.

Toxicological data

1. Skin/eye irritation

Standard Draize test: rabbit, skin contact: 500mg/24H, severity of reaction: mild.

2. Acute toxicity: Rat oral LD50: 8800mg/kg; rabbitOral LD50: 2480mg/kg; Rabbit skin contact LD50: >5mg/kg; Guinea pigs intramuscular injection LDLo: 2500mg/kg;

3. Other multi-dose toxicity: mice inhaled TCLo : 1mg/m³/7H/92D-I;

4. Mutagenicity: loss and non-separation of yeast sex chromosomes: 24400ppm;

5. Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin.

Ecological data

This substance may be harmful to the environment and it is recommended not to let it enter the environment.

Molecular structure data

1. Molar refractive index: 24.89

2. Molar volume (cm³/mol): 96.2

3. Isotonic specific volume (90.2K ): 224.0

4. Surface tension (dyne/cm): 29.3

5. Dielectric constant:

6. Dipole moment (10^-24cm³):

7. Polarizability: 9.86

Compute chemical data

1. Reference value for hydrophobic parameter calculation (XlogP): 0.6

2. Number of hydrogen bond donors: 0

3. Number of hydrogen bond acceptors: 2

4. Number of rotatable chemical bonds: 0

5. Number of tautomers: 2

6. Topological molecule polar surface area 26.3

7. Number of heavy atoms: 7

8. Surface charge: 0

9. Complexity: 88.1

10. Number of isotope atoms: 0

11. Determine the number of atomic stereocenters: 0

12. Uncertain number of atomic stereocenters: 1

13. Determine the number of chemical bond stereocenters: 0

14. Number of uncertain chemical bond stereocenters: 0

15. Number of covalent bond units: 1

Properties and stability

1. Avoid contact with strong oxidants, strong reducing agents, and strong acids. Protective clothing should be worn when using.

2. Found in flue-cured tobacco leaves and burley tobacco leaves.

Storage method

Stored in a cool, ventilated warehouse. Keep away from fire and heat sources. Protect from direct sunlight. Keep container tightly sealed. They should be stored separately from oxidants, reducing agents and acids, and avoid mixed storage. Equipped with the appropriate variety and quantity of fire equipment. The storage area should be equipped with emergency release equipment and suitable containment materials.

Synthesis method

1. It is synthesized from unsaturated carboxylic acids through a ring-closing reaction, such as heating acetoacetic acid with sulfuric acid, or hydrogenating levulinic acid in the presence of catalysts such as nickel and copper.

2. Tobacco: FC, 9, 18; BU, 18.

Purpose

It can be used as an intermediate for resin solvents and various related compounds. It is also used as a lubricant, plasticizer, gelling agent for nonionic surfactants, lactone additives for leaded gasoline, and for dyeing cellulose esters and synthetic fibers. Gamma-valerolactone has a vanillin and coconut aroma. my country’s GB2760-86 stipulates that edible spices are allowed to be used. Mainly used to prepare peach, coconut, vanilla and other flavors. It is also used as a solvent for poorly soluble resins and as an intermediate for organic synthesis.